Hilux Partitions consist of Calcium Silicate Board screw fixed to either side of timber, aluminium or light weight galvanized metal frames. The Partitions are non-load bearing and can easily be assembled at site. The Partitions can be used in most type of buildings, new or existing, like Commercial, Residential, Industrial, Hotels and Hospitals, Single to multiple storey buildings etc. The Partitions can be simple space divisions, office cubicles (low height Partitions) to greater height Partitions (Refer Partition System Selector Chart for details). These Partitions can be erected in high humid areas and under humid conditions. The light weight metal sections in Partitions make it cost effective and contribute towards savings on structural costs.
Installation
Frame Work
Timber or aluminium sections of 50 x 50 mm and 50 x 25 mm can be used as studs to form a regular grid of 610 x 610 mm size. Light weight galvanized steel sections can also be used to form a cost effective frame work. These frames are fixed to the floor and soffit at 600 mm centres with nylon sleeves and wood screws. A bracing channel is provided horizontally (in case of
G.I. Sections) at board joints, where the Partition height exceeds the board length.
Board Fixing
Hilux tapered edge boards are screw fixed to either side of all timber/metal studs by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length (10 mm + thickness of the board) at 200 mm centres (12 mm away from the edge and 40 mm from the corners), with a gap of 1.5 to 2 mm. The boards are chamfered at square edges by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered (40 x 1.5 mm) at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The joints are to be staggered to avoid through joints. Insulating materials like mineral wool of required thickness and density can be placed in the cavity to enhance fire, sound and thermal insulation properties.
Openings for Door / window / glazings
Hilux Partitions can easily provide opening for the doors/ windows or glazings by modifying the frame in its initial stage.
Services
Services should be incorporated before commencement of other side boards.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints are finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide, fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
2.
Metal Framed Partition (Single Layer)
Hilux metal framed, non-load bearing Partitions are assembled at site, using Calcium Silicate Boards, screw fixed to either side of light weight cold rolled galvanized steel studs, which are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel, at 610 mm centres and are suitable for any type of decoration after filling and finishing of the joints. The System provides good fire resistance, sound and thermal insulation properties. The System has in-built provisions for concealed electrical & plumbing services because of cut-outs made in the web of studs.
Floor & ceiling channel is screw fixed to the floor with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws at 450 mm centres. Another same channel is then fixed to the soffit, making it plumb to the floor channel in the same manner. The studs, cut 5 mm shorter, are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel at 610 mm centres. The cut-outs of the studs are kept in a line to accommodate services. Bracing channel is also fixed horizontally if the Partition height exceeds the board length on both sides of stud. Necessary metal or wood batons are also incorporated to accept load of any material like cupboard etc. at this stage only.
Board Fixing
Tapered edge Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards are screw fixed to either side of stud and channel by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length
(10 mm + thickness of the board) at 200 mm centres, keeping 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. A gap of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards. The boards are chamfered at square edges by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered
(40 x 1.5 mm)at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The joints are staggered to avoid through passage to achieve Performance levels.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints are finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
Details:
Hilux Board
8 mm/ 10 mm/ 12 mm Thick
One layer board on each side of studs & channel
Floor / Ceiling Channel
50 x 32 x 32 x 0.55 mm
Top and bottom
Perimeter of the Partition
Stud
48 x 50 x 48 x 0.55 mm
Vertically at 610 mm c/c
Bracing Channel
45 x 15 x 15 x 0.9 mm
At horizontal board joint
Screws (Phillips head)
25 and 35 mm long, self drilling with under head cutter
12 mm from the edge & 40 mm from the corner of the board at 200 mm c/c
3.
Metal Framed Partition with CSB Fillets
Hilux metal framed, non-load bearing Partitions are assembled at site, using fillets (strips) of Calcium Silicate Boards 60/100 mm wide and a layer of Calcium Silicate Boards, screw fixed to either side of light weight cold rolled galvanized steel sections to each stud and channel, on both sides through fillets. Fillets are used to enhance the Performance of the Partition in terms of fire, sound and thermal insulation properties.
Floor & ceiling channel is screw fixed to the floor with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws at 450 mm centres. Another same channel is then fixed to the soffit, making it plumb to the floor channel in the same manner. The studs, cut 5 mm shorter, are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel at 610 mm centres. The cut-outs of the studs are kept in a line to accommodate services. Bracing channel is also fixed horizontally if the Partition height exceeds the board length on both sides of stud. Necessary metal or wood batons are also incorporated to accept load of any material like cupboard etc. at this stage only.
Board Fixing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards cut into 60/100 mm wide fillet (strips) are screw fixed to each side of stud and channel at 200 mm centres. Tapered edge boards are then screw fixed to either side of stud and channel through fillets by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length (10 mm + thickness of the board and fillet) at 200 mm centres, keeping 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. A gap of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards. The boards are chamfered at square edges by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered (40 x 1.5 mm) at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The vertical joints are staggered in respect to the other side, to maintain the alignment and strength of the Partition and also to avoid through joints to achieve Performance criteria.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints are finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
Details:
Hilux Board
8 mm/ 10 mm/ 12 mm Thick
One layer board on each side of studs
Hilux Board Fillets
60 / 100 mm
On each side of all studs and channels
Stud
48 x 50 x 48 x 0.55 mm
Vertically at 610 mm c/c
Bracing Channel
45 x 15 x 15 x 0.9 mm
At horizontal board joint on both side
Screws (Phillips head)
25 and 35 mm long, self drilling with
under head cutter
12 mm from the edge & 40 mm from the
corner of the board at 200 mm c/c
4.
Metal Framed Partition (Double Layer)
Double layer Hilux metal framed, non load bearing Partitions, are used to enhance insulation properties. These can also provide more high Partitions up 4000 mm. These are assembled at site, using two layers of Calcium Silicate Boards, screw fixed to either side of light weight cold rolled galvanized steel studs which are placed vertically into G.I. floor and ceiling channel at
610 mm centres and are suitable for any type of decoration after filling and finishing of the joints. The System has in-built provision for concealed electrical & plumbing services because of
cut-outs made in the web of studs.
Floor & ceiling channel is screw fixed to the floor with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws at 450 mm centres. The same channel is then fixed to the soffit making it plumb to the floor channel in the same manner. The studs, cut 5 mm shorter, are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel at 610 mm centres. The cut-outs of the studs are kept in a line to accommodate services. Fixing channel is also fixed horizontally if the Partition height exceeds the board length on both side of stud. Necessary metal or wood batons are also incorporated to accept load of any material like cupboard etc. at this stage only.
Board Fixing
Two layers of Hilux Tapered edge boards are screw fixed to either side of stud and channel by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length
(10 mm + thickness of the board) at 200 mm centres, keeping 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. No screw is to be provided at the centre in first layer of boards on both sides because screws of second layer will penetrate through the first layer, i.e. first layer boards are to be screwed at the edges only. A gap of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards.
The square edges of outer layer boards, are chamfered by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered
(40 x 1.5 mm) at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The vertical joints are staggered in each layer and also in respect to the other side, to maintain the alignment and strength of the Partition and also to avoid through joints to maintain Performance criteria.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints of outer layer are filled and finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
Details:
Hilux Board
8 / 10 / 12 mm Thick
Two boards on each side of studs &
channels
Floor / Ceiling Channe
50 x 32 x 32 x 0.55 mm
Top and bottom perimeter of the Partition
Stud
48 x 50 x 48 x 0.55 mm
Vertically at 610 mm c/c
Bracing Channel
45 x 15 x 15 x 0.9 mm
At horizontal board joint
Screws (Phillips head)
25 and 35 mm long, self drilling with under head cutter
12 mm from the edge & 40 mm from the corner of the board at 200 mm c/c
5.
Fire Rated Partitions (One Hour)
Fire Ratedmetal framed Partitions are non load bearing. These are installed at site using cold rolled G.I. sections with required insulation, placed in the cavity. One Hour fire resistance can be achieved by using 50 mm thick mineral wool in the cavity with single layer of Hilux board screw fixed to either side of the frame work through Hilux fillet.
Floor & ceiling channel is screw fixed to the floor with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws at 450 mm centres. Another same channel is then fixed to the soffit, making it plumb to the floor channel in the same manner. The studs, cut 5 mm shorter, are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel at 610 mm centres. The cut-outs of the studs are kept in a line to accommodate services. Bracing channel is also fixed horizontally if the Partition height exceeds the board length on both sides of stud. Necessary metal or wood batons are also incorporated to accept load of any material like cupboard etc. at this stage only.
Board Fixing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards cut into 60/100 mm wide fillet (strips) are screw fixed to each side of stud and channel at 200 mm centres. Tapered edge boards are then screw fixed to either side of stud and channel through fillets by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length (10 mm + thickness of the board and fillet) at 200 mm centres, keeping 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. A gap of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards. The boards are chamfered at square edges by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered (40 x 1.5 mm) at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The vertical joints are staggered in respect to the other side, to maintain the alignment and strength of the Partition and also to avoid through joints to achieve Performance criteria.
Insulation
Mineral wool 50 mm thick and 48 Kg/m³ density is placed in the cavity after completing board fixing on one side of the Partition.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints of outer layer are filled and finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
Details:
Hilux Board
12 mm Thick
One board on each side of studs
Hilux Board Fillets
100 mm Wide
On each side of all studs and channels
Floor / Ceiling Channel
50 x 32 x 32 x 0.55 mm
Top and bottom perimeter of the Partition
Stud
48 x 50 x 48 x 0.55 mm
Vertically at 610 mm c/c
Bracing Channel
45 x 15 x 15 x 0.9 mm
At horizontal board joint
Screws (Phillips head)
25 and 35 mm long, self drilling with
under head cutter
12 mm from the edge & 40 mm from the
corner of the board at 200 mm c/c
Insulation
Mineral wool -50 mm x 48 Kg/m³
Placed in the cavity
6.
Fire Rated Partitions (One & Half Hours)
98 mm thick metal framed, non-load bearing Partitions with two layers of Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards on either side of G.I. frame and 50 mm thick mineral wool placed in the cavity can achieve One & Half Hours fire resistance.
Floor & ceiling channel is screw fixed to the floor with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws at 450 mm centres. Another same channel is then fixed to the soffit, making it plumb to the floor channel in the same manner. The studs, cut 5 mm shorter, are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel at 610 mm centres. The cut-outs of the studs are kept in a line to accommodate services. Bracing channel is also fixed horizontally if the Partition height exceeds the board length on both sides of stud. Necessary metal or wood batons are also incorporated to accept load of any material like cupboard etc. at this stage only.
Board Fixing
Two layers of Hilux Calcium Silicate tapered edge boards are screw fixed to either side of stud and channel by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length (10 mm + thickness of the board) at 200 mm centres, keeping 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. No screw is to be provided at the centre in first layer of boards on both sides because screws of second layer will penetrate through the first layer, i.e. first layer boards are to be screwed at the edges only. A gap of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards. The square edges of outer layer boards, are chamfered by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered(40 x 1.5 mm) at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The vertical joints are staggered in each layer and also in respect to the other side, to maintain the alignment and strength of the Partition and also to avoid through joints to maintain Performance criteria.
Insulation
Mineral wool 50 mm thick and 48 Kg/m³ density is placed in the cavity after completing board fixing on one side of the Partition.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints of outer layer are filled and finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
Details:
Hilux Board
2 x 10 mm Thick
Two board on each side of studs
Floor / Ceiling Channel
50 x 32 x 32 x 0.55 mm
Top and bottom perimeter of the Partition
Stud
48 x 50 x 48 x 0.55 mm
Vertically at 610 mm c/c
Bracing Channel
45 x 15 x 15 x 0.9 mm
At horizontal board joint
Screws (Phillips head)
25 & 35 mm long, self drilling with
under head cutter
12 mm from the edge & 40 mm from the
corner of the board at 200 mm c/c
Insulation
Mineral wool -50 mm x 64 Kg/m³
Placed in the cavity
7.
Fire Rated Partitions (Two Hours)
98 mm thick metal framed, non-load bearing Partitions with two layers of Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards on either side of G.I. frame and 50 mm thick ceramic wool placed in the cavity can achieve Two Hours fire resistance.
Floor & ceiling channel is screw fixed to the floor with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws at 450 mm centres. The same channel is then fixed to the soffit making it plumb to the floor channel in the same manner. The studs, cut 5 mm shorter, are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel at 610 mm centres. The cut-outs of the studs are kept in a line to accommodate services. Fixing channel is also fixed horizontally if the Partition height exceeds the board length on both side of stud. Necessary metal or wood batons are also incorporated to accept load of any material like cupboard etc. at this stage only.
Board Fixing
Two layers of Hilux Calcium Silicate tapered edge boards are screw fixed to either side of stud and channel by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length (10 mm + thickness of the board) at 200 mm centres, keeping 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. No screw is to be provided at the centre in first layer of boards on both sides because screws of second layer will penetrate through the first layer, i.e. first layer boards are to be screwed at the edges only. A gap of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards. The square edges of outer layer boards, are chamfered by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered(40 x 1.5 mm) at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The vertical joints are staggered in each layer and also in respect to the other side, to maintain the alignment and strength of the Partition and also to avoid through joints to maintain Performance criteria.
Insulation
Ceramic wool 50 mm thick and 64 Kg/m³ density is placed in the cavity after completing board fixing on one side of the Partition.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints of outer layer are filled and finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
Details:
Hilux Board
2 x 10 mm Thick
Two board on each side of studs
Floor / Ceiling Channel
50 x 32 x 32 x 0.55 mm
Top and bottom perimeter of the Partition
Stud
48 x 50 x 48 x 0.55 mm
Vertically at 610 mm c/c
Bracing Channel
45 x 15 x 15 x 0.9 mm
At horizontal board joint
Screws (Phillips head)
25 & 35 mm long, self drilling with
under head cutter
12 mm from the edge & 40 mm from the
corner of the board at 200 mm c/c
Insulation
Ceramic wool - 50 mm x 64 Kg/m³
Placed in the cavity
8.
Fire Rated High Walls (One Hour)
Fire Ratedhigh walls (non-load bearing) consist of two layers of 12 mm thick Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards, screw fixed to 1 mm thick G.I. cold rolled studs and channels to achieve 7000 mm height. 50 mm thick x 48 Kg/m³ density, mineral wool is placed in the cavity to get One Hour fire resistance.
Floor & ceiling channel is screw fixed to the floor with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws at 450 mm centres. The same channel is then fixed to the soffit, making it plumb to the floor channel in the same manner. The studs, cut 5 mm shorter, are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel at 610 mm centres. The cut-outs of the studs are kept in a line to accommodate services. Fixing channel is also fixed horizontally if the Partition height exceeds the board length on both sides of stud. Necessary metal or wood batons are also incorporated to accept loads of any material like cupboard etc. at this stage only.
Board Fixing
Two layers of Hilux Calcium Silicate tapered edge boards are screw fixed to either side of stud and channel by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length (10 mm + thickness of the board) at 200 mm centres, keeping 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. No screw is to be provided at the centre in first layer of boards on both sides because screws of second layer will penetrate through the first layer, i.e. first layer boards are to be screwed at the edges only. A gap of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards. The square edges of outer layer boards, are chamfered by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered(40 x 1.5 mm) at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The vertical joints are staggered in each layer and also in respect to the other side, to maintain the alignment and strength of the Partition and also to avoid through joints to maintain Performance criteria.
Insulation
Ceramic wool 50 mm thick and 64 Kg/m³ density is placed in the cavity after completing board fixing on one side of the Partition.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints of outer layer are filled and finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
Details:
Hilux Board
2 x 12 mm Thick
Two board on each side of studs
Floor / Ceiling Channel
148 x 32 x 32 x 1.0 mm
Top and bottom perimeter of the Partition
Stud
146 x 50 x 48 x 1.0 mm
Vertically at 610 mm c/c
Bracing Channel
45 x 15 x 15 x 0.9 mm
At horizontal board joint
Screws (Phillips head)
25 & 35 mm long, self drilling with
under head cutter
12 mm from the edge & 40 mm from the
corner of the board at 200 mm c/c
Insulation
Mineral w ool - 50 mm x 48 Kg/m³
Placed in the cavity
9.
Fire Ratedhigh walls (Non-load bearing) consist of two layers of 12 mm thick Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards, screw fixed to 1 mm thick G.I. cold rolled boxed studs and channels to achieve 10000 mm height. 50 mm thick x 64 Kg/m³ density, ceramic wool is placed in the cavity to get Two Hours fire resistance.
Floor & ceiling channel is screw fixed to the floor with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws at 450 mm centres. The same channel is then fixed to the soffit making it plumb to the floor channel in the same manner. The studs, cut 5 mm shorter, are placed vertically into the floor and ceiling channel at 610 mm centres. The cut -outs of the studs are kept in a line to accommodate services. Fixing channel is also fixed horizontally if the Partition height exceeds the board length on both side of stud. Necessary metal or wood batons are also incorporated to accept load of any material like cupboard etc. at this stage only.
Board Fixing
Two layers of Hilux Calcium Silicate tapered edge boards are screw fixed to either side of stud and channel by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length (10 mm + thickness of the board) at 200 mm centres, keeping 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. No screw is to be provided at the centre in first layer of boards on both sides because screws of second layer will penetrate through the first layer, i.e. first layer boards are to be screwed at the edges only. A gape of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards. The square edges of outer layer boards, are chamfered by 4 x 3 mm, or made tapered(40 x 1.5 mm) at site, by grinding them, before fixing. The vertical joints are staggered in each layer and also in respect to the other side, to maintain the alignment and strength of the Partition and also to avoid through joints to maintain Performance criteria.
Insulation
Ceramic wool 50 mm thick and 64 Kg/m³ density is placed in the cavity after completing board fixing on one side of the Partition.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints of outer layer are filled and finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
Details:
Hilux Board
2 x 12 mm Thick
Two board on each side of studs
Floor / Ceiling Channel
148 x 32 x 32 x 1.0 mm
Top and bottom perimeter of the Partition
Stud
146 x 50 x 48 x 1.0 mm
Vertically at 610 mm c/c
Bracing Channel
45 x 15 x 15 x 0.9 mm
At horizontal board joint
Screws (Phillips head)
25 & 35 mm long, self drilling with
under head cutter
12 mm from the edge & 40 mm from the
corner of the board at 200 mm c/c
Insulation
Ceramic wool - 50 mm x 48 Kg/m³
Placed in the cavity
10.
Aluminium Stud Partition
Aluminum stud Partition is made of anodized aluminum hollow sections to form a grid of
610 x 610 mm. 8 mm thick Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards are then screw fixed on either side of all these studs at 200 mm centres. All the joints of the boards are filled and finished with jointing compound and fiber tape to get seamless finish.
Anodised aluminum frame is made by using 1.2 mm thick hollow tubes, 50 x 50 mm vertically and 25 x 50 mm, horizontally at 610 mm centres to form a regular grid of 610 x 610 mm size. These frames are fixed to the floor and soffit at 600 mm centres with nylon sleeves and wood screws.
Board Fixing
8 mm thick Hilux Calcium Silicate taper edge boards, are screw fixed to either side of all aluminium studs by 25 mm long self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, at 200 mm centres (12 mm away from the edge and 40 mm from the corners), with a gap of 1.5 to 2 mm. The square edges of the boards are chamfered by 4 x 3 mm or made tapered (40 x 1.5 mm) by grinding them at site before fixing. Board joints are to be staggered to avoid through joints.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints are finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide, fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
11.
Timber Stud Partition
Timber stud Partition is made of timber studs of size 50 x 50 mm placed at 610 mm centres vertically as well as horizontally. 8 mm thick Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards are then screw fixed on either side of all these studs at 200 mm centres. All the joints of the boards are filled and finished with jointing compound and fiber tape to achieve a seamless finish.
Timber frame is made by using seasoned wood of size 50 x 50 mm to form a regular grid of
610 x 610 mm size. These frames are fixed to the floor and soffit at 600 mm centres with nylon sleeves and wood screws.
Board Fixing
8 mm thick Hilux Calcium Silicate taper edge boards, are screw fixed to either side of all timber studs by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, of suitable length (25 mm + thickness of the board) at 200 mm centres (12 mm away from the edge and
40 mm from the corners), with a gap of 1.5 to 2 mm. The square edges of the boards are chamfered by 4 x 3 mm or made tapered (40 x 1.5 mm)by grinding them at site before fixing. Board joints are to be staggered to avoid through joints.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards joints are finished with suitable jointing compound and 48 mm wide, fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
12
Suspended Ceilings
Suspended ceilings can be installed with exposed grid or unexposed grid with a seamless finish or featured joints. Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards provide both type of ceilings, i.e. Hilux boards cut to size 595 x 595 mm or 595 x 1195 mm and laid into the "T" grid, made of galvanized steel with pre-coated steel at the bottom (Exposed grid System), or Hilux boards screw fixed under side of G.I. frame work and finished with seamless joints (Unexposed grid). The ceiling can be single or double layer, depending on the specific requirements. The Hilux boards cut to size 2’ x 2' can also be fixed as featured joints by providing gap in between the boards and finished with beadings or mouldings. Curved ceilings can also be formed with a little change in its frame work and board size.
Openings for light fittings, access panels and A/C grills
Openings for the above can be made by using perimeter channel around the opening and suitably suspending this area by using extra sections to maintain the integrity of the ceiling.
Access Panel
Access panels are provided in suspended ceilings for repairs/maintenance purpose of the air condition ducts etc. These can be made by providing additional perimeter channel around the opening and other sections to maintain the integrity of the ceiling. Hilux Calcium Silicate Board is then fixed to the frame work with self drilling screws as shown here under :
13
Metal Framed Suspended Ceiling (Seamless Finish)--Single Layer
A non-load bearing System which includes Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards fixed to the G.I. frame, is mostly used to provide a suspended false ceiling with seamless finish. It is very easy and fast to erect. It can easily accommodate all type of light and air conditioning fittings.
First of all ceiling level is marked on to the wall/Partition as per the drawing, leaving a scope for board thickness. G.I. perimeter channel is fixed to the perimeter of the wall/Partition with nylon
sleeves and wood screws(38 mm long)at 457 mm centres, at the above level. Intermediate
channel is suspended from the soffit at 1220 mm centres with the help of rowl plug, sofit cleat and the ceiling angle, in one direction. Ceiling sections are attached to the intermediate channel, across to it, by connecting clips at 457 mm centres. The length of ceiling sections or intermediate channels, can be increased by providing an overlap of 6" and are screw fixed
at four places.
Board Fixing
Hilux Calcium Silicate tapered edge boards of size, 6' x 4' are fixed to the under side of ceiling sections by 25 mm long self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter at 200 mm c/c. The screws should be 15 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners. The square edges of the boards are made tapered (40 x 1.5 mm) or chamfered by 4 x 3 mm at site before fixing. The joints between boards are staggered in brick work style to make the ceiling rigid and properly aligned to the required level.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board joints are finished with specially formulated jointing compound and 48 mm wide, fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
14
Metal Framed Suspended Ceiling (Seamless Finish)- Double Layer
None Load bearing System which includes Hilux Calcium Sillicate Board fixed tot he G.I. frame is mostly used to provide a suspended false ceiling with Seamless finish. It is very easy and fast to erect. It can easily accommodate all type of light and air conditioning fitings.
First of all ceiling level is marked on to the wall/Partition as per the drawing, leaving a scope for board thickness. G.I. perimeter channel is fixed to the perimeter of the wall/Partition with nylon sleeves and wood screws(38 mm long)at 450 mm centres, at the above level. Intermediate channel is suspended from the soffit at 915 mm centres with the help of rowl plug, sofit cleat and the ceiling angle, in one direction. Ceiling sections are attached to the intermediate channel, across to it, by connecting clips at 457 mm centres. The length of ceiling sections or intermediate channels, can be increased by providing an overlap of 6" and are screw fixed at four places.
Board Fixing
Two layers of Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards, with tapered edges, are fixed to under side of ceiling sections by 25 & 35 mm long self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter, for first and second layer board respectively. The screws should be 15 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners at an interval of 200 mm. The square edges of the boards are made tapered (40 x 1.5 mm) or chamfered by 4 x 3 mm at site before fixing. The joints between boards are staggered in brick work style to make the ceiling rigid and properly aligned
to the required level.
Jointing & Finishing
Face side Hilux Calcium Silicate Board joints are finished with suitable jointing compound and 48 mm wide, fiber tape to get seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
15.
Exposed Grid System
Exposed grid System has become more popular because of its flexibility and speedy Installation. The System is economical too. The System consists of a precoated wall angle, main and cross "T", having base of 24 mm, with precoated steel, and vertical flange of 35 mm, with a bulb at the top. Hilux Calcium Silicate Board cut to sizes are laid into the grid to provide a neat and clean false ceiling.
Pre-coated angles of size 25 x 25 mm are screw fixed to the perimeter of the wall or Partition at the given ceiling level. Main 'T' sections 3600 mm long, with "H" slots at 150 or 300 mm centres in its vertical flange, to hold the cross 'T" sections, are suspended from the soffit with the help of rowl plug, soffit cleat and G.I. wire(4 mm dia) at 1200 mm c/c. These sections also have notch at its both ends to increase the length. Cross "T" sections of 1200 mm length with "H" slot in the centre and notches at both ends are inserted fixed into the main "T" at 600 mm c/c to form a regular grid of 600 x 1200 mm. Cross "T" of 600 mm length is inserted fixed into the 1200 mm cross "T" to form a regular grid of 600 x 600 mm.
Board Laying
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards of size 595 x 595 mm or 595 x 1195 mm are laid into the grid depending on the metal grid size.
Note :
Clamp down clips should be placed on the back side of the Hilux Calcium Silicate Board (at least 2 per sides)
16.
Wall Linings
Wall linings can be independent or fixed to the existing masonary walls to enhance the Performance of the existing walls in respect of fire resistance, sound & thermal insulation and or protecting from the continuous dampness. Independent wall lining can be formed by providing light weight steel frames or timber stud frames, behind the Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards and mineral wool placed into the cavity.
Perimeter angle or channel is fixed at 600 mm centres with the help of nylon sleeves and wood screws of 38 mm length as per lay out plan. Another angle or channel is fixed to the soffit in plumb to the above channel. Ceiling sections cut to required length i.e. distance between the floor and top channel minus 5 mm is placed vertically in between the floor and top channels at an interval of 610 mm.
Board Laying
Tapered edge Hilux Calcium Silicate Board are placed against the frame and screw fixed by self drilling & taping screws having Phillips head with under head cutter to it at 200 mm centres. Screws should be minimum 12-15 mm away from the edge and 40 mm from the corners. A gap of 1.5 - 2 mm is also provided between the boards.
Jointing & Finishing
Joints of the boards are finished with specially formulated jointing compound and fibre tape to provide seamless finish. Cement primer (Oil based) to be provided on entire surface before putty / painting.
17.
Jointing & Finishing
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards are available with Tapered and Square edges. The joints of these boards can be jointed & finished by using specially formulated jointing compound and fibre tape, to get seamless finish. The square edges of the boards can be made tapered
(40 x 1.5 mm) at site by using grinding machine or by chamfering the edges (4 x 3 mm). The corners can also be reinforced with fiber tape. The procedure is detailed below :
Firmly embed the 48 mm wide self adhesive fiber tape centrally into the joint
Apply jointing compound on the fibre tape with tapping knife
Use sufficient pressure to ensure that the tape is firmly placed
The tape should be free from trapped air/bubbles and this application should be
approximately 4" wide
Remove extra material lying out side of the joint and allow it to dry
Step 2 (Second coat)
When the first coat has dried, apply second coat of jointing compound to the joint
Ensure that the preceding application and tape is completely covered by making
this application wider than the earlier( 6" )
Remove extra material and allow it to dry
Step 3 (Third coat- finishing coat)
When the second coat has dried, apply a very thin layer of jointing compound to the joint
Ensure that the preceding application and tape is completely covered by making
this application wider than the earlier and spread it, to remove visibility of the joint( 8" )
Feather out joint edges to remove extra material and allow it to dry
Square Edge Joints:
Step -1
Fill the groove formed by trimmed edges with jointing compound & leave it to dry
Firmly stick the 48 mm wide self adhesive fiber tape centrally onto the joint
Apply jointing compound on the fibre tape with tapping knife
Use sufficient pressure to ensure that the tape is firmly placed
The tape should be free from trapped air/bubbles and this application should
be approximately 6" wide
Remove extra material lying out side of the joint and allow it to dry
Step - 2
Apply a thin layer of jointing compound over the previous application keeping it 8" wide
Remove extra material lying out side of the joint and allow it to dry
Step - 3
Apply a thin layer of jointing compound over the previous application keeping it 12" wide
Remove extra material lying out side of the joint and allow it to dry
Make sure that the width of the joints should be as wide as described above
the narrow finished joints will be more visible than the wider one
Internal & External corner joints
Fibre tape should be used by folding it from its centre making it in angle shape
(24 x 24 mm) to ccommodate both sides of the corners. This folded tape is embedded at corners by using jointing compound as described above
Two more coats of compound are applied over it to avoid visibility
Nail/Screw Finishing
Nail screw heads should be just below the surface of the board and should not be
driven too deep
All nail/screw heads are to be covered with the jointing compound twice to achieve
the right finished surface
Primer Coat
Apply cement primer (Oil based) on entire surface before putty / painting.
NOTE
It is recommended that the square edges of the boards should be made tapered (40 x 1.5 mm) at site to achieve good results instead of forming "V" groove
Please make sure the screws are sufficiently & properly driven and there is no movement between the board and steel section, before starting jointing & finishing
Please make sure that sufficient jointing compound is applied between the board surface and the tape.
Please do not depend on the adhesive used with the fibre tape to make it self adhesive, because it may not be sufficient to hold the tape with the board surface
18.
Decoration
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board surface can be decorated with most type of paints, wall papers, ceramic tiles and hard laminate (up to 1 mm thickness) after jointing and finishing.
Most forms of paints can be applied to the Hilux Calcium Silicate Board surface. Apply oil based cement primer before applying putty or paint to achieve good finish.
HARD LAMINATES
Hard laminates up to maximum 1 mm thickness can be laminated to the board surface after doing Jointing and finishing as under:
Sand the whole surface with a sand paper to make it even and remove the dust
with a cloth
Sand the back surface of the laminate with sand paper to make it rough
Use 16 ft2 area of the laminate at one time
Apply Fevicol SR-998 on the laminate surface and leave it for some time, to get sticky
Apply the Fevicol SR-998 to the Hilux Calcium Silicate Board surface
Place the laminate against the board surface, matching the required line and press it
hard enough with a cloth, from one end to the other, to remove air between the two surfaces· Please see that no air is trapped between the two surfaces
Please do not try to touch this surface for a minimum of Two HoursApply Jointing compound at joint
NOTE:
It is essential that the Fevicol is first applied to the laminate and not to the board surface. The board surface sucks the adhesive much faster than the laminate and gets dry, which causes temporary sticking of laminate, which may leave the surface after some time.
Ceramic Tiles
Ceramic tiles can be applied to the Hilux Calcium Silicate Board surface by using branded tile adhesive.
Cornices/Mouldings
Ready made cornices and mouldings can be screw fixed to the board surface. POP cornices cannot be made at site because the board surface sucks the water from POP and it may get cracks. However, casted POP cornices can be screw fixed to the board surface.
19.
Curved Applications
Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards has an excellent dimensional stability due to its very stable crystalline structure. It yields only very small dimensional movements even under extreme temperature and humidity changes.
The breakthrough in Calcium Silicate Boards technology allows bending of Hilux into various curvatures to match the imaginations of designers. Hilux combines design flexibility, moisture resistance and fire resistance into one.
Curved ceilings, walls and columns in offices, hospitals, schools concert halls departmental stores and railway stations etc
Curved areas of eaves soffits, basement car parks, kitchens, toilets and other areas of high humidity
Curved areas for specially designed fire-resistant Partitions, walls and panels
Installation METHOD
Frame Work (Curved Partitions/ Wall linings)
Mark the floor as per the layout plan
Cut the floor & ceiling channel at one side of flange through its web at every 150 mm
Put this channel at the marking and bend the channel according to the layout marking
Fix it with nylon sleeves and wooden screws at every 150 mm c/c to the floor
Fix head channel, as described above in plumb and line with the floor channel, at
the soffit or ceiling as described above
Insert metal studs at 305 ( 12" ) mm intervals in between the floor and head channel
Check if the frame work is properly aligned and plumbed, as per the layout marked
at the floor
Boarding Fixing
6 mm boards are to be curved one by one, prior to Installation by making them sufficiently wet by sprinkling water on both sides of the boards
Allow these boards to absorb water for 30 minutes
Make 1220 mm wide wooden structure of the required radius, but limited
to 600 mm, minimum
Put the wet boards on to this wooden structure and try to press the boards very gently, starting from the centre to the ends on both sides. Keep pouring water during this
process
As soon as the board gets the shape, it is to be removed from the wooden structure and to be placed at floor vertically width-wise and left for air drying
All the boards are to be bent like this before fixing
Now place the first board along the frame work at one end
Start screwing the board from one end of the board, by using self tapping screws 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners at 200 mm c/c to each metal stud and floor & ceiling channel
Complete the entire area as above
Jointing and finishing is to be done as per recommended practice
Frame Work (Ceilings)
Mark the floor as per the layout plan
Cut the Intermediate channel at one side of flange through its web at every 150 mm
Put this channel at the marking and bend the channel according to the layout marking
Bolt or screw this channel at the cut and bend portions to retain its shape
Suspend this shaped channel at every 1220 mm intervals to the soffit with the help of
metal row plug, soffit cleat and suspension hangers
Fix ceiling sections to this channel in perpendicular direction to it at 305 mm intervals with the help of connecting clips
Check if the frame work is properly aligned, as per the layout
Boarding Fixing
The boards are to be curved one by one, prior to Installation by making them sufficiently wet by sprinkling water on both sides of the boards as described for Partition/ wall lining
Now place the first board along the frame work at one end
Start screwing the board from the centre of it, to both sides, by pushing it towards the frame and using self tapping screws 12 mm away from the edges and 40 mm from the corners at 200 mm c/c to each metal section
Complete the entire area as above
Jointing and finishing is to be done as per recommended practice after the boards are dry
20
Structural Steel Cladding
The Building regulations require certain elements of structure to have fire resistance for a specific minimum period of time. The amount of fire protection to achieve this depends
on the following :
The degree of fire protection depends on the Hp/A section factor for the steel section. The Hp/A factor is a function of the area of the steel exposed to the fire and the mass of the steel section. The higher the Hp/A, the faster the steel section heats up, and so the greater the thickness of fire protection material required.
Box Protection
In the case of Box protection, Hp is the sum of the inside dimensions of the smallest possible rectangular or square encasement of the steel section (except for circular hollow sections) where a steel section abuts, or is built into a fire resisting wall or floor, the surface in contact with or the surface within the wall or floor, is ignored when calculating Hp. However the value A is
always the total cross- sectional area of the steel section. Encasements following the profile of the steel section will generally have a higher Hp/A value than a box encasement (except circular hollow sections). The serial size and mass per metre of most steel sections are available in tables with steel manufacturers which also give Hp/A values calculated for 3 or 4 sided box protection :
Note:
For partially exposed members, the A value is still the total cross sectional area of the section being protected.
Example-1:
Steel beam, serial size 457 x 191 x 98 Kg/m to be encased on three sides
Serial size : 457 mm x 191 mm
Actual size: 467.4 mm (D) x 192.8 mm (B)
Hp : B+2D =192.8+467.4+467.4 =1127.6 mm =1.1276 m
A :125.3 cm2 =0.01253 m2
Hp/A :1.1276/0.01253=89.99=90 m‾ ¹
From this, the required thickness of the Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards can be found for different period of fire protection by using the following Tables :
Table-1
Showing Hilux boards thickness (mm) required as per Maximum Hp/A section factor (m-1 )for up to 2 hours of fire protection in accordance with the requirements of BS-476: Part 21 and AS 1530: Part -4
Partially exposed members
Where columns or beams are partly built into or are in close contact with wall or floors, then account can be taken of the protection afforded to the steel work by the wall or floor. In the case of masonary work then this will give protection to the adjacent surface of the steel work so that for the purpose of determining the heated perimeter, Hp, this should be taken as only that which is exposed.
Installation
Four sides encasement
Determine the thickness of the board to be used as per the Hp/A section factor for the given fire rating
Cut two pieces from the board to match the size of the width of the column
G.I. angles 25 x 25 x 0.80 mm are screw fixed to these cut boards at their longitudinal edges, using self taping screws at 200 mm centres
Ceiling sections are screw fixed across to angle at 610 mm centres
These are placed vertically on both sides of the column, facing each other
Cut another two pieces two suite the length of the column/beam + twice the thickness of the boards used
Screw these new pieces to already vertically placed boards (fixed with G.I. angle) with self taping screws at 200 mm centres
If the height of the casing exceeds the length of the board a horizontal member is provided to support the edges of the boards
Jointing and finishing can be done as usual
Three sides encasement
In this case G.I. Angle 25 x 25 x 0.80 mm thick is fixed to the wall or Partition on the both sides of the column
A piece of board is cut to size of opposite side and G.I. angle is screw fixed on the longitudinal edges of the cut piece
Ceiling sections are screw fixed across to angle at 610 mm centres
This is placed vertically with just opposite side of the column
Another piece cut from the board (Actual measurement + thickness of the boards used) is screw fixed to both, the angle fixed to the wall/Partition and the angle of vertically placed board at 200 mm centres with self taping screws
Another piece cut from the board as above, is screw fixed to other side of the column, to both the angle fixed to the wall/Partition and the angle of vertically placed board at 200 mm centres with self taping screws
Jointing and finishing can be done as usual
Two sides encasement
G.I. angles 25 x 25 x 0.80 are fixed to the walls/Partition on both sides of the column with metal fasteners at 450 mm centres
A piece of board is cut to size of one side and an angle is screw fixed to one of the edge of this cut piece at 200 mm centres
Ceiling sections are screw fixed across to angle at 610 mm centres
This is placed against the column, keeping the angle side opposite to the wall. Other edge of this board is screw fixed to the already fixed angle (with the wall/Partition) at 200 mm centres with self taping screws
Another piece cut to size is screw fixed to the remaining side of the column at 200 mm centres with self taping screws
Jointing and finishing can be done as usual
One side encasement
G.I. perimeter channel is fixed to the both sides of the wall/Partition with metal fasteners at 450 mm centres.
ilux Calcium Silicate Board of suitable size are screw fixed to the perimeter channel at 200 mm centres
Jointing and finishing can be done as usual
Services
Service should be incorporated as the work progresses.
Insulation
50 mm thick 48 kg/m³ density mineral wood and 50 mm thick 64 kg/m³ desnsity ceramic wool to be used around the column / beam for One Hour & Two Hour fire resistance respectively.
21.
Fire Protection
Ever since the dawn of mankind's existence, fire has been something to respect and fear. Without fire we can not survive, but it is also the most devastating of nature's forces. Therefore fire protection becomes the necessity of the day. A good building is a safe building, and an important factor is the safety. The requirement for the fire characteristics of building materials are specified in terms of the Performance achieved in standard fire tests, these fire test methods are contained in various parts of British Standard- 476.
Building materials are classified as combustible or non-combustible according to their behaviour when tested to BS 476-Part 4:1970. This test provides a measure of the propensity of materials to generate heat and flame under standardized heat exposure conditions. It represents the highest and most stringent standard for the fire Performance of materials.
Surface Spread Of flame:
The test to BS-476-Part-7: 1971 is used to determine the tendency of materials to support the spread of flame across their surfaces. Materials are classified Class-1 to Class-4, in descending order of Performance. These classifications are applied mainly to walls and ceilings.
Fire Propagation:
The test to BS-476-Part-6: 1968 provides means of measuring the rate of heat evolution of materials exposed to flames and radiant heat. The Performance is expressed as a numerical index (I) which ranges in value from 0 to 100 or more. Low value indicate a low rate of heat release. (I) is the total of three sub-indices (i1), (i2) & (i3) which are based respectively on the heat released over the period of 0-3 minutes, 4-10 minutes and 12-20 minutes. A high value of (i) indicates ease of ignition and early heat release, both detrimental to the Performance of the materials. The lower the value of (I) better is the Performance.
Fire Resistance
Fire resistance is the Performance of a complete element of construction, which may consist of a number of different materials. Fire resistance is determined by tests to BS-476- Part -20 & 22-1987, "Fire test on Building Materials and Structures" in which a specimen is subjected to heating conditions based on a standard temperature/time curve.
The fire resistance of a specimen is the time (in minutes) for which it continues to meet the appropriate criteria, or the time at which the test is terminated. The criteria of failure (for non load bearing construction) are as under :
Stability:
The construction, failure occurs when the specimen collapses.
Integrity:
Integrity failure occurs when the construction develops cracks or other openings through which flames or hot gases can pass to ignite a specified cotton wool pad.
Insulation:
Insulation failure occurs when the mean temperature of unexposed face increases by more than 140 degree C above the initial temperature or the temperature at any point increases by 180 degree C above the initial temperature.
Cavity Barriers
Smoke kills more people in fires than heat, flames or structural collapse. The purpose of a cavity barrier is to prevent the spread of smoke and flame from penetrating and or moving within a concealed space in a fire compartment.
If a barrier in a concealed space coincides with a compartment wall or floor, it will normally be required to provide the same fire Performance as the wall or floor. There are two types of cavity barriers - one is small cavity barrier and the other is large cavity barrier. A large cavity barrier is defined as a barrier across a void in which a square of 1 meter sides can be accommodated. A small cavity barrier is a barrier which cannot accommodate a square with 1 meter sides. A large cavity barrier is required to provide 30 minutes integrity and 15 minutes insulation where a small cavity barrier can provide 30 minutes integrity.
Perimeter of a Partition is formed by metal channels & studs fixed to the floor/ceiling & wall/Partition. Though these sections are considered satisfactory closer to the flame & smoke, however to maintain the continuity of the barrier, Hilux Calcium Silicate Boards are cut to good fit and screw fixed to the web of the floor ceiling channel and the studs abutting the wall/Partition to prevent direct communication with an adjoining cavity.
Design consideration
The following points are some of the factors which should be considered when determining the correct Specification to ensure the cavity barrier will provide the required fire Performance.
1. Size of barrier and location
As mentioned above there may be occasions when the required Performance of the barrier will differ from the general requirement of 30 minutes integrity and 15 minutes insulation, e.g. if it is located above a compartment wall.
2. Differential Movement
Cavity barriers are often located between two building elements that may move at different rates in normal conditions and or in the event of a fire e.g. a floor and a suspended ceiling. The design of the barrier must therefore make an allowance for such movement, whilst still maintaining the required level of integrity and insulation.
3. Service Penetration
Suitable fire stopping System is needed around any penetration of services through the barrier. Allowance should be made for movement of the services in both ambient and fire conditions to ensure loads are not applied to the cavity barrier.
4. Adjoining Structure
It is essential that the surrounding building element e.g. roof, floor or walls, do not collapse in the event of a fire. A cavity barrier in a roof space, for example, will require that the roof truss that it is secured to, is also protected to prevent collapse when exposed to fire.
22.
Sound Insulation
All of us experience sound in our daily life. Some of them provide comfort to our ears, while others irritate us. The sound which irritates is called unwanted sound i.e. noise. This unwanted sound is to be minimized. This can be achieved by providing acoustical treatment to the building or the space we occupy. Sound absorption does not substitute sound insulation, both are quite different.
Sound absorption is the term which describes the loss of sound energy on reflection at a surface. Sound absorbent surfaces are used to provide a correct acoustic climate in a room. The acoustic efficiency of a sound absorbent material is indicated by the absorption
co-efficient. The absorption co-efficient for normal incidence is a more exactly measurable property of the material. It is measured in the impedance tube on small scale samples. This enables accurate computations to be made of the acoustical properties of a room. The materials used should also have good appearance, durability and fire resistance too.
Sound Insulation
Sound insulation describes the reduction of sound which passes between two spaces separated by a dividing element. The sound energy, during transmission, passes through the dividing element (direct transmission) or and through the surroundings (indirect transmission) like walls, floors, ceilings ducts, windows and door openings. Therefore both the methods should be taken into consideration, while designing. Optimum sound insulation can be achieved by carefully selecting Systems which offer compatibility with their surroundings whilst providing the minimum desired level of insulation.
The procedure is to mount the test specimen as a Partition between two reverberation rooms (for even distribution of sound). The rooms are so arranged and constructed that the only significant sound transmission between them is through the specimen only. The sound pressure levels are measured in the source and receiving rooms both. This gives the intensity incident on the panel and transmitted by the panel respectively. The reverberation time of the receiving room is also measured. The sound reduction index is calculated accordingly.
Measurements
The level of sound is measured in decibels (dB). Sound insulation varies with frequency and measurements are made of one-third octave intervals in the range of 100-3150 Hertz (Hz), which encompasses every day sounds.
Sources of Sound Leakage
Doors/windows
Air conditioners and continuous run of ducts
Cracks/holes and gapes
Electrical outlets and service pipes
Suspended ceiling/Partitions
Common floor ducts
Untreated common ventilation Systems
Partition Performance
Improvement on sound insulation of existing walls/Partitions
When traditional/remedial methods do not satisfactorily work, the sound insulation of existing walls/Partitions can be further improved by providing a layer or lining with Ramco Hilux Calcium Silicate boards. The linings not only provide sound insulation, but also provide good thermal insulation.
23.
Thermal Insulation
Thermal insulation relates to the temperature variation within a building due to the environmental conditions, like buildings with centralised air-conditioning will require to protect its coolness within it and not allow it to go out. Good thermal insulated materials can block the passage of external heat from penetrating cooled areas.
Alternatively buildings with high temperature inside than external will loose heat, which can also be protected by using good thermal insulated materials, with low thermal conductivity. Thus keeping the cooling or heating cost down.
Hilux Calcium Silicate boards are extensively used in both environments across the world, in new as well as existing buildings.
Thermal Conductivity (K)
Thermal conductivity is the measure of a materials' ability to transmit heat. It is expressed as heat flow in watts per square meter of surface area for a temperature gradient of one Kelvin (K) per meter thickness and is expressed as W/mK. Generally, dense materials have a high thermal conductivity and are inefficient thermal insulants. Light weight materials have low conductivity and act as effective thermal insulants. The lower the (K) value of a material, the better is its insulating efficiency.
Thermal Resistance (R )
Thermal resistance is the measure of the resistance to the passage of heat offered by the thickness of a material and is expressed as m2K/W. Thermal resistance of material is obtained by dividing thickness of material in meter by its thermal conductivity ( K) value (R=Thickness in meters / K value).
Thermal Transmittance (U)
Thermal transmittance of a building element is a property of its whole construction including air space and the measure of its ability to transmit heat under steady state condition. It is calculated by taking reciprocal of the sum of all the individual thermal resistances. It is expressed as W/m2K.
The lower the (U) value of the element, the better is its thermal insulation.
Conversion factor for thermal insulation calculation:
Thermal Conductivity (K)
